INVESTING IN GHANA’S ROADS AND TRANSPORT SECTOR


SECTOR OVERVIEW

The Transport sector is made up mainly of road transport, maritime and water transport, civil aviation and rail. Road transport is the major carrier in Ghana’s land transport system, currently taking up about 98% of freight and 95% of passenger traffic. The Road infrastructure sector is managed by the Ghana Highway Authority (GHA), Department of Feeder Roads (DFR) and the Department of Urban Roads (DUR), under the Ministry of transport.

Transport improvement has been defined by the Ghana Poverty Reduction Strategy (GPRS) as an integral component for increasing national productivity and hence poverty reduction. The fundamental policy objective of the transport sector therefore is to establish an efficient, modally complementary and integrated transport system.

Road transport in Ghana may be categorized into 4 main segments, namely urban, express services, rural-urban and rural. The demand for urban passenger transport is mainly by residents commuting to work, school, and other economic, social and leisure activities. Most urban transportation in Ghana is by road and provided by private transport including taxis, mini-buses and state/private-supported bus services. Buses are the main mode of road transport accounting for about 60% of passenger movement. Taxis account for only 14.5%, with the remaining accounted for by private cars.

Most major international carriers fly regularly to Kotoka International Airport (KIA) in Accra, the main entry point to Ghana by air. This is the result of Ghana’s open skies policy, which frees the air space regulator from the constraints on capacity, frequency, route, structure and other air operational restrictions. In effect, the policy allows the Ghana Civil Aviation Authority (GCAA) to operate with minimal restrictions from aviation authorities, except in cases of safety and standards and/or dominant position to distort market conditions.

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